Eine kurze Geschichte der Digitalisierung – Martin Burckhardt
Die Geschichte des Computers ist besser verständlich, wenn man sie sich wie eine riesige Kathedrale vorstellt, die von vielen Baumeistern im Laufe der Jahrhunderte nach und nach weiter- und ausgebaut wurde. All die großen Wissenschaftler, Erfinder und Visionäre wie Boole, Babbage, Zuse, Jobs oder aktuell Elon Musk, trugen oder tragen nach wie vor dazu bei, dass durch diese universale Maschine unsere Wandlung von analog zu digital vollzogen wird.
Der Autor dieses Buches beschreibt die Geschichte des Computers in einer gut lesbaren, spannenden Art, dass es auch für technisch unbegabte Individuen wie mich sehr verständlich ist. Sie beginnt mit dem Abt Nollet in Frankreich, 1746. Der unternimmt einen wissenschaftlichen Versuch mit einer „Leidener Flasche“. Diese Flasche alleine ist schon mal ein Wunder für die Menschen damals. Ein mit Wasser gefüllter Glasbehälter, der durch Reibung elektrisiert wird. Und wenn 600 Mönche sich im Kreis aufstellen, an den Händen fassen und einer davon diese Flasche berührt, fangen alle 600 zugleich zum zucken an. Damit hatte Nollet erwiesen, dass sich Elektrizität beinahe zeitgleich durch einen Kreislauf bewegt.
Verstörend für die Menschheit damals. Etwas, das überall war, wie zuvor nur der liebe Gott!? Und so ging es weiter. Im regelmäßigen Abstand fanden oder erfanden Wissenschaftler Dinge oder Zustände, mit denen sie dem heutigen Computer und Internet immer näher kamen. Galvani, der tote Frösche sezierte und zum zucken brachte, Volta, der die Volta´sche Säule, also die Batterie, erfand, Morse das telegrafieren. Oder Jacquard, der den Webstuhl mit Lochkarten ausstattete und damit den Grundstein für das Programmieren legte.
Ein Charles Babbage kommt in dieser Geschichte ebenso vor wie Ada Lovelace und Alan Turing. Nichts was man nicht schon weiß, könnte man denken. Das stimmt auch. Aber der Autor bringt die Geschichte in kompakter Form und chronologischer Abfolge zum Ausdruck. Die Fakten sind mit seinen Anmerkungen ergänzt und das grenzt für mich schon ans Philosophische. Er beleuchtet auch die Charaktere und legt Zitate bei, wie z.B. das: „Warum können wir nicht als Geister miteinander leben und kommunizieren? Warum überhaupt besitzen wir einen Körper?“ (Alan Turing)
Martin Burckhardt fragt zum Schluss nach der Bedeutung des Computers. Ein Werkzeug? Aber wozu ist dieses Werkzeug gut? Besser wäre es, sich den Computer als Werkstatt vorzustellen in dem man beliebige Werkzeuge ablegen und sammeln kann.
Und die Digitalisierung? Wo soll das alles hinführen? Gibt es einen Weg zurück? Nein, zurück können wir nicht mehr und deshalb sollten die Menschen endlich anfangen, sich mit der Zukunft auseinandersetzen und die digitale Logik ins Auge zu fassen (Martin Burckhardt, 2018)
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